India has a variety of
forest cover, ranging from thick forest to grasslands. Around 20% of the land
area of India is covered by dense forest, Home to a variety of wildlife. In recent
decades, with the increase the population and development, land has been
converted to agriculture, industry and other projects such as large irrigation dams,
etc. This has posed a threat to India’s wildlife with some animals are already
on the verge of extinction, and has evoked a response from the government. As
early as 1935, the system of national parks and protected areas was established,
for the conservation of endemic and endangered species, which has been expanded
over 515 wildlife sanctuaries, 18 biosphere reserves, of which ten are part of
the World Network Of Biosphere Reserves (India also has four of the world’s 35
biodiversity hotspots namely the Western Ghats, the Eastern Himalayas, Indo-Burma
Region and the Sundaland which includes the Nicobar Islands, Which are the most
ideal habitats of several species of fauna and some gaint wild animals in India);
and 26 wetlands registered under the Ramsar Convention.
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